Public Health Surveillance of Low-Frequency Populations

Public health surveillance of low-frequency populations.

Public health agencies often require data that address the needs of special populations, such as minority groups. Sources of surveillance data often contain insufficient numbers of subjects to fully inform health agencies. In this review, we address the problems of and potential approaches for situations with insufficient surveillance data. We use the examples of race and ethnic minority groups...

Public Health Surveillance

Public Health Impact of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields

INTRODUCTION The association between exposure to extremely low-frequency electric and magnetic fields (ELF) and childhood leukemia has led to the classification of magnetic fields by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a "possible human carcinogen." This association is regarded as the critical effect in risk assessment. Creating effective policy in light of widespread exposure an...

Ethics in public health surveillance.

Public health programmes pose some very important ethical problems. One of the most pressing is the possible conflict between individual interests (and rights) and collective interests, which becomes particularly important in the public health surveillance setting. The present article first looks at the definitions of "public health surveillance" in a historical context and then identifies the ...

Public health surveillance in Latvia.

This paper presents public health surveillance data in Latvia. This is the first time these data are being published since the restoration of the Second Republic. The paper describes the state-of-the-art monitoring system of food and water safety. It also contains epidemiological data for Latvia. The conclusion brings a success story about the implementation of the monitoring programme in the c...